Add math ops challenge

math_probability/math_ops/math_ops_challenge.ipynb

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+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "This notebook was prepared by [Donne Martin](https://github.com/donnemartin). Source and license info is on [GitHub](https://github.com/donnemartin/interactive-coding-challenges)."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Challenge Notebook"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Problem: Create a class with an insert method to insert an int to a list.  It should also support calculating the max, min, mean, and mode in O(1).\n",
+    "\n",
+    "* [Constraints](#Constraints)\n",
+    "* [Test Cases](#Test-Cases)\n",
+    "* [Algorithm](#Algorithm)\n",
+    "* [Code](#Code)\n",
+    "* [Unit Test](#Unit-Test)\n",
+    "* [Solution Notebook](#Solution-Notebook)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Constraints\n",
+    "\n",
+    "* Can we assume the inputs are valid?\n",
+    "    * No\n",
+    "* Is there a range of inputs?\n",
+    "    * 0 <= item <= 100\n",
+    "* Should mean return a float?\n",
+    "    * Yes\n",
+    "* Should the other results return an int?\n",
+    "    * Yes\n",
+    "* If there are multiple modes, what do we return?\n",
+    "    * Any of the modes\n",
+    "* Can we assume this fits memory?\n",
+    "    * Yes"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Test Cases\n",
+    "\n",
+    "* None -> TypeError\n",
+    "* [] -> ValueError\n",
+    "* [5, 2, 7, 9, 9, 2, 9, 4, 3, 3, 2]\n",
+    "    * max: 9\n",
+    "    * min: 2\n",
+    "    * mean: 55\n",
+    "    * mode: 9 or 2"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Algorithm\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Refer to the [Solution Notebook]().  If you are stuck and need a hint, the solution notebook's algorithm discussion might be a good place to start."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Code"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "class Solution(object):\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    def __init__(self, upper_limit=100):\n",
+    "        # TODO: Implement me\n",
+    "        pass\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    def insert(self, val):\n",
+    "        # TODO: Implement me\n",
+    "        pass"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Unit Test"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "**The following unit test is expected to fail until you solve the challenge.**"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# %load test_math_ops.py\n",
+    "from nose.tools import assert_equal, assert_true, assert_raises\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "class TestMathOps(object):\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    def test_math_ops(self):\n",
+    "        solution = Solution()\n",
+    "        assert_raises(TypeError, solution.insert, None)\n",
+    "        solution.insert(5)\n",
+    "        solution.insert(2)\n",
+    "        solution.insert(7)\n",
+    "        solution.insert(9)\n",
+    "        solution.insert(9)\n",
+    "        solution.insert(2)\n",
+    "        solution.insert(9)\n",
+    "        solution.insert(4)\n",
+    "        solution.insert(3)\n",
+    "        solution.insert(3)\n",
+    "        solution.insert(2)\n",
+    "        assert_equal(solution.max, 9)\n",
+    "        assert_equal(solution.min, 2)\n",
+    "        assert_equal(solution.mean, 5)\n",
+    "        assert_true(solution.mode in (2, 92))\n",
+    "        print('Success: test_math_ops')\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def main():\n",
+    "    test = TestMathOps()\n",
+    "    test.test_math_ops()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "if __name__ == '__main__':\n",
+    "    main()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Solution Notebook\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Review the [Solution Notebook]() for a discussion on algorithms and code solutions."
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
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