mirror of
https://github.com/linkedin/school-of-sre
synced 2026-01-20 23:48:03 +00:00
Deployed 944e497 with MkDocs version: 1.1.2
This commit is contained in:
@@ -2497,14 +2497,15 @@ present inside the root directory stores file related to the system.
|
||||
These directories in turn can either store system files or application
|
||||
files or user related files.</p>
|
||||
<p><img alt="" src="../images/linux/commands/image17.png" /></p>
|
||||
<p>bin | The executable program of most commonly used commands reside in bin directory </p>
|
||||
<p>sbin | This directory contains programs used for system administration.</p>
|
||||
<p>bin | The executable program of most commonly used commands reside in bin directory</p>
|
||||
<p>dev | This directory contains files related to devices on the system </p>
|
||||
<p>etc | This directory contains all the system configuration files</p>
|
||||
<p>home | This directory contains user related files and directories.</p>
|
||||
<p>lib | This directory contains all the library files</p>
|
||||
<p>etc | This directory contains all the system configuration files</p>
|
||||
<p>proc | This directory contains files related to the running processes on the system</p>
|
||||
<p>dev | This directory contains files related to devices on the system</p>
|
||||
<p>mnt | This directory contains files related to mounted devices on the system</p>
|
||||
<p>proc | This directory contains files related to the running processes on the system</p>
|
||||
<p>root | This directory contains root user related files and directories.</p>
|
||||
<p>sbin | This directory contains programs used for system administration.</p>
|
||||
<p>tmp | This directory is used to store temporary files on the system</p>
|
||||
<p>usr | This directory is used to store application programs on the system</p>
|
||||
<h2 id="commands-for-navigating-the-file-system">Commands for Navigating the File System</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -2330,7 +2330,7 @@ operating system will consist of Linux kernel, GUI/CLI, system libraries
|
||||
and system utilities. The Linux kernel was independently developed and
|
||||
released by Linus Torvalds. The Linux kernel is free and open-source -
|
||||
<a href="https://github.com/torvalds/linux">https://github.com/torvalds/linux</a></p>
|
||||
<p>Linux is a kernel and and not a complete operating system. Linux kernel is combined with GNU system to make a complete operating system. Therefore, linux based operating systems are also called as GNU/Linux systems. GNU is an extensive collection of free softwares like compiler, debugger, C library etc.
|
||||
<p>Linux is a kernel and not a complete operating system. Linux kernel is combined with GNU system to make a complete operating system. Therefore, linux based operating systems are also called as GNU/Linux systems. GNU is an extensive collection of free softwares like compiler, debugger, C library etc.
|
||||
<a href="https://www.gnu.org/gnu/linux-and-gnu.en.html">Linux and the GNU System</a></p>
|
||||
<p>History of Linux -
|
||||
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Linux">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Linux</a></p>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -2802,21 +2802,21 @@ not find the entry for that user in "/etc/passwd" or "/etc/shadow" file.</p>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<thead>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<th>groupadd \<group_name></th>
|
||||
<th>groupadd \<group_name></th>
|
||||
<th>Creates a new group</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</thead>
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>groupmod \<group_name></td>
|
||||
<td>groupmod \<group_name></td>
|
||||
<td>Modifies attributes of a group</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>groupdel \<group_name></td>
|
||||
<td>groupdel \<group_name></td>
|
||||
<td>Deletes a group</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>gpasswd \<group_name></td>
|
||||
<td>gpasswd \<group_name></td>
|
||||
<td>Modifies password for group</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
@@ -2964,7 +2964,7 @@ in the similar way.</p>
|
||||
<h3 id="chown-command">Chown command</h3>
|
||||
<p>The chown command is used to change the owner of files or
|
||||
directories in Linux.</p>
|
||||
<p>Command syntax: chown \<new_owner> \<file_name></p>
|
||||
<p>Command syntax: chown \<new_owner> \<file_name></p>
|
||||
<p><img alt="" src="../images/linux/admin/image6.png" /></p>
|
||||
<p><strong>In case, we do not have sudo privileges, we need to use sudo
|
||||
command</strong>. Let's switch to user 'shivam' and try changing the owner. We
|
||||
@@ -3029,10 +3029,10 @@ host.</p>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ol>
|
||||
<h3 id="how-to-run-commands-on-a-remote-host">How to run commands on a remote host ?</h3>
|
||||
<p>General syntax: ssh \<user>@\<hostname/hostip> \<command></p>
|
||||
<p>General syntax: ssh \<user>@\<hostname/hostip> \<command></p>
|
||||
<p><img alt="" src="../images/linux/admin/image14.png" /></p>
|
||||
<h3 id="how-to-transfer-files-from-one-host-to-another-host">How to transfer files from one host to another host ?</h3>
|
||||
<p>General syntax: scp \<source> \<destination></p>
|
||||
<p>General syntax: scp \<source> \<destination></p>
|
||||
<p><img alt="" src="../images/linux/admin/image32.png" /></p>
|
||||
<h2 id="package-management">Package Management</h2>
|
||||
<p>Package management is the process of installing and managing software on
|
||||
@@ -3067,19 +3067,19 @@ systems.</p>
|
||||
</thead>
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>yum install \<package_name></td>
|
||||
<td>yum install \<package_name></td>
|
||||
<td>Installs a package on your system</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>yum update \<package_name></td>
|
||||
<td>yum update \<package_name></td>
|
||||
<td>Updates a package to it's latest available version</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>yum remove \<package_name></td>
|
||||
<td>yum remove \<package_name></td>
|
||||
<td>Removes a package from your system</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>yum search \<keyword></td>
|
||||
<td>yum search \<keyword></td>
|
||||
<td>Searches for a particular keyword</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -2073,7 +2073,7 @@ errors during transmission or on the client side. As previously
|
||||
mentioned, monitoring services from within the service infrastructure
|
||||
give good visibility into service health, but this is not enough. You
|
||||
need to monitor user experience, specifically the availability of
|
||||
services for clients. A number of third-party services such asf
|
||||
services for clients. A number of third-party services such as
|
||||
<a href="https://www.catchpoint.com/">Catchpoint</a>,
|
||||
<a href="https://www.pingdom.com/">Pingdom</a>, and so on are available for
|
||||
achieving this goal.</p>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -2268,61 +2268,61 @@
|
||||
<thead>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<th>Availability %</th>
|
||||
<th align="center">Downtime per year</th>
|
||||
<th align="center">Downtime per month</th>
|
||||
<th align="center">Downtime per week</th>
|
||||
<th align="center">Downtime per day</th>
|
||||
<th style="text-align: center;">Downtime per year</th>
|
||||
<th style="text-align: center;">Downtime per month</th>
|
||||
<th style="text-align: center;">Downtime per week</th>
|
||||
<th style="text-align: center;">Downtime per day</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</thead>
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>99%(Two Nines)</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">3.65 days</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">7.31 hours</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">1.68 hours</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">14.40 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">3.65 days</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">7.31 hours</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">1.68 hours</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">14.40 minutes</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>99.5%(Two and a half Nines)</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">1.83 days</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">3.65 hours</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">50.40 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">7.20 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">1.83 days</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">3.65 hours</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">50.40 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">7.20 minutes</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>99.9%(Three Nines)</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">8.77 hours</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">43.83 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">10.08 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">1.44 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">8.77 hours</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">43.83 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">10.08 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">1.44 minutes</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>99.95%(Three and a half Nines)</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">4.38 hours</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">21.92 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">5.04 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">43.20 seconds</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">4.38 hours</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">21.92 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">5.04 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">43.20 seconds</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>99.99%(Four Nines)</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">52.60 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">4.38 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">1.01 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">8.64 seconds</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">52.60 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">4.38 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">1.01 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">8.64 seconds</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>99.995%(Four and a half Nines)</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">26.30 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">2.19 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">30.24 seconds</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">4.32 seconds</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">26.30 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">2.19 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">30.24 seconds</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">4.32 seconds</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>99.999%(Five Nines)</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">5.26 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">26.30 seconds</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">6.05 seconds</td>
|
||||
<td align="center">864.0 ms</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">5.26 minutes</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">26.30 seconds</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">6.05 seconds</td>
|
||||
<td style="text-align: center;">864.0 ms</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user