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6435 lines
123 KiB
HTML
6435 lines
123 KiB
HTML
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<!doctype html>
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<html lang="en" class="no-js">
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
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<link rel="canonical" href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/intro/">
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<link rel="prev" href="../../..">
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<link rel="next" href="../command_line_basics/">
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<meta name="generator" content="mkdocs-1.5.3, mkdocs-material-9.5.12">
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<title>Introduction - School Of SRE</title>
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<style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"Roboto Mono"}</style>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../stylesheets/custom.css">
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<script>__md_scope=new URL("../../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script>
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</head>
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<body dir="ltr">
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<input class="md-toggle" data-md-toggle="drawer" type="checkbox" id="__drawer" autocomplete="off">
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<input class="md-toggle" data-md-toggle="search" type="checkbox" id="__search" autocomplete="off">
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<label class="md-overlay" for="__drawer"></label>
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<div data-md-component="skip">
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<a href="#linux-basics" class="md-skip">
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Skip to content
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<div data-md-component="announce">
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<script async defer data-domain="linkedin.github.io" src="https://tracking.eskratch.com/js/plausible.js"></script>
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}
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});</script>
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<header class="md-header" data-md-component="header">
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<nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label="header.title">
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<a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/" title="School Of SRE" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="School Of SRE">
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<img src="../../../img/sos.png" alt="logo">
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</a>
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<!-- Button to open drawer -->
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3V6m0 5h18v2H3v-2m0 5h18v2H3v-2Z"/></svg>
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<div class="md-header__title" data-md-component="header-title">
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<div class="md-header__ellipsis">
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<span class="md-header__topic md-ellipsis">
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<a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/" title="School Of SRE" >
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School Of SRE
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</a>
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</span>
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<span class="md-header__topic md-ellipsis">
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Introduction
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</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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<label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.516 6.516 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5Z"/></svg>
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</label>
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<div class="md-search" data-md-component="search" role="dialog">
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<label class="md-search__overlay" for="__search"></label>
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<div class="md-search__inner" role="search">
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<form class="md-search__form" name="search">
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<input type="text" class="md-search__input" name="query" aria-label="Search" placeholder="Search" autocapitalize="off" autocorrect="off" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" data-md-component="search-query" required>
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<label class="md-search__icon md-icon" for="__search">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.516 6.516 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5Z"/></svg>
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
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<nav class="md-search__options" aria-label="Search">
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</button>
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</nav>
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</form>
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<div class="md-search__output">
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<div class="md-search__scrollwrap" data-md-scrollfix>
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<div class="md-search-result" data-md-component="search-result">
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<div class="md-search-result__meta">
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Initializing search
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</div>
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<ol class="md-search-result__list" role="presentation"></ol>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</nav>
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</header>
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<div class="md-container" data-md-component="container">
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<main class="md-main" data-md-component="main">
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<div class="md-main__inner md-grid">
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<div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--primary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="navigation" >
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<div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
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<div class="md-sidebar__inner">
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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<!-- Navigation -->
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<nav
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class="md-nav md-nav--primary"
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aria-label="Navigation"
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data-md-level="0"
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>
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<!-- Repository information -->
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<!-- Navigation list -->
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../.." class="md-nav__link">
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Home
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</span>
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
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</a>
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</li>
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
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<!-- Navigation tabs -->
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<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
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<!-- Navigation pruning -->
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<!-- Nested navigation item -->
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
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<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
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<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
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<input
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class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
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type="checkbox"
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id="__nav_2"
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checked
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/>
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<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
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<label
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class="md-nav__link"
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for="__nav_2"
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id="__nav_2_label"
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tabindex=""
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>
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Level 101
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</span>
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
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<!-- Nested navigation -->
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<nav
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class="md-nav"
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data-md-level="1"
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aria-labelledby="__nav_2_label"
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aria-expanded="true"
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>
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Level 101
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<!-- Nested navigation item -->
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
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<!-- Navigation tabs -->
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<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
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<!-- Navigation pruning -->
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<!-- Nested navigation item -->
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
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<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
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<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
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<input
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class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
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type="checkbox"
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id="__nav_2_1"
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checked
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/>
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<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
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<label
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class="md-nav__link"
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for="__nav_2_1"
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id="__nav_2_1_label"
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tabindex="0"
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>
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Fundamentals Series
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</span>
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
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<!-- Nested navigation -->
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<nav
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class="md-nav"
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data-md-level="2"
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aria-labelledby="__nav_2_1_label"
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aria-expanded="true"
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>
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_1">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Fundamentals Series
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<!-- Nested navigation item -->
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
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<!-- Navigation tabs -->
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<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
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<!-- Navigation pruning -->
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<!-- Nested navigation item -->
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
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<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
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<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
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<input
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class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
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type="checkbox"
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id="__nav_2_1_1"
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checked
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/>
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<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
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<label
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class="md-nav__link"
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for="__nav_2_1_1"
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id="__nav_2_1_1_label"
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tabindex="0"
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>
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Linux Basics
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</span>
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
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<!-- Nested navigation -->
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<nav
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class="md-nav"
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data-md-level="3"
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aria-labelledby="__nav_2_1_1_label"
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aria-expanded="true"
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>
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_1_1">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Linux Basics
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<!-- Nested navigation item -->
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
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<!-- State toggle -->
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<input
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class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle"
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type="checkbox"
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id="__toc"
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/>
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<!-- Hack: see partials/toc.html for more information -->
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<!-- Navigation link to table of contents -->
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<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Introduction
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</span>
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<a
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href="./"
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class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active"
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>
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Introduction
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</span>
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
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</a>
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<!-- Table of contents -->
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<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Table of contents
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#introduction" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Introduction
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</span>
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Introduction">
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<ul class="md-nav__list">
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#prerequisites" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Prerequisites
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#what-to-expect-from-this-course" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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What to expect from this course
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#what-is-not-covered-under-this-course" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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What is not covered under this course
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#course-contents" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Course Contents
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#what-are-linux-operating-systems" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
What are Linux operating systems
|
|
</span>
|
|
</a>
|
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|
|
</li>
|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#what-are-popular-linux-distributions" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
What are popular Linux distributions
|
|
</span>
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#linux-architecture" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Linux Architecture
|
|
</span>
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#uses-of-linux-operating-systems" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Uses of Linux Operating Systems
|
|
</span>
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#graphical-user-interface-gui-vs-command-line-interface-cli" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Graphical user interface (GUI) vs Command line interface (CLI)
|
|
</span>
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#shell-vs-terminal" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Shell vs Terminal
|
|
</span>
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../command_line_basics/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Command Line Basics
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../linux_server_administration/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Server Administration
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../conclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_2_1_2"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_2_1_2"
|
|
id="__nav_2_1_2_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Git
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="3"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_2_1_2_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_1_2">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Git
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../git/git-basics/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Git Basics
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../git/branches/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Working With Branches
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../git/github-hooks/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Github and Hooks
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../git/conclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_2_1_3"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_2_1_3"
|
|
id="__nav_2_1_3_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Linux Networking
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="3"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_2_1_3_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_1_3">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Linux Networking
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../linux_networking/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../linux_networking/dns/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
DNS
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../linux_networking/udp/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
UDP
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../linux_networking/http/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
HTTP
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../linux_networking/tcp/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
TCP
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../linux_networking/ipr/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Routing
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../linux_networking/conclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_2_2"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_2_2"
|
|
id="__nav_2_2_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Python and Web
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
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<nav
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class="md-nav"
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data-md-level="2"
|
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aria-labelledby="__nav_2_2_label"
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aria-expanded="false"
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>
|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_2">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Python and Web
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<!-- Nested navigation item -->
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../python_web/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Introduction
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</span>
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
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</a>
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</li>
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../python_web/python-concepts/" class="md-nav__link">
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Some Python Concepts
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</span>
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../python_web/python-web-flask/" class="md-nav__link">
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Python, Web and Flask
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</span>
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../python_web/url-shorten-app/" class="md-nav__link">
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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The URL Shortening App
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
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</a>
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</li>
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../python_web/sre-conclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Conclusion
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</span>
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
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</li>
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<!-- Currently active page -->
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
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|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
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|
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<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
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<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
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<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
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<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
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<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_2_3"
|
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/>
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<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
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|
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<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_2_3"
|
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id="__nav_2_3_label"
|
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tabindex="0"
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>
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Data
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</span>
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
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<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
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<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="2"
|
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aria-labelledby="__nav_2_3_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_3">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Data
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
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|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_2_3_1"
|
|
|
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/>
|
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<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
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|
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<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_2_3_1"
|
|
id="__nav_2_3_1_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
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>
|
|
|
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|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
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|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Relational Databases
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="3"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_2_3_1_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_3_1">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Relational Databases
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
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|
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<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
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|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
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|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../databases_sql/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
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|
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
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|
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
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|
|
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</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
|
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|
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
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|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../databases_sql/concepts/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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Key Concepts
|
|
</span>
|
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|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
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|
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</a>
|
|
</li>
|
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|
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../databases_sql/mysql/" class="md-nav__link">
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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MySQL
|
|
</span>
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
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</a>
|
|
</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../databases_sql/innodb/" class="md-nav__link">
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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InnoDB
|
|
</span>
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|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
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|
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</a>
|
|
</li>
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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|
|
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
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|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
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|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../databases_sql/backup_recovery/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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Backup and Recovery
|
|
</span>
|
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|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
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|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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|
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
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|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../databases_sql/replication/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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MySQL Replication
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
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|
|
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</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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<!-- Determine classes -->
|
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|
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
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|
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|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
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|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../databases_sql/operations/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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Operational Concepts
|
|
</span>
|
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|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
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|
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</a>
|
|
</li>
|
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|
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<!-- Determine classes -->
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|
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
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<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../databases_sql/select_query/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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Select Query
|
|
</span>
|
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<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
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|
|
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</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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<!-- Determine classes -->
|
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|
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
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|
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|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
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|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../databases_sql/query_performance/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Query Performance
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
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|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../databases_sql/lab/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
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|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Lab
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../databases_sql/conclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_2_3_2"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_2_3_2"
|
|
id="__nav_2_3_2_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
NoSQL
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="3"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_2_3_2_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_3_2">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
NoSQL
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../databases_nosql/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../databases_nosql/key_concepts/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Key Concepts
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../databases_nosql/further_reading/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_2_3_3"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_2_3_3"
|
|
id="__nav_2_3_3_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Message Queue
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="3"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_2_3_3_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_3_3">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Message Queue
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../messagequeue/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../messagequeue/key_concepts/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Key Concepts
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../messagequeue/further_reading/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_2_3_4"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_2_3_4"
|
|
id="__nav_2_3_4_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Big Data
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="3"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_2_3_4_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_3_4">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Big Data
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../big_data/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../big_data/evolution/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Evolution and Architecture of Hadoop
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../big_data/tasks/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_2_4"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_2_4"
|
|
id="__nav_2_4_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Systems Design
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="2"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_2_4_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_4">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Systems Design
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../systems_design/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../systems_design/scalability/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Scalability
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../systems_design/availability/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Availability
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../systems_design/fault-tolerance/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Fault Tolerance
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../systems_design/conclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_2_5"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
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for="__nav_2_5"
|
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id="__nav_2_5_label"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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>
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|
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<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
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|
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<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Metrics and Monitoring
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="2"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_2_5_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_5">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Metrics and Monitoring
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
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<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
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|
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<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
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|
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../metrics_and_monitoring/introduction/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
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|
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<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../metrics_and_monitoring/command-line_tools/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Command-line Tools
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
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|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../metrics_and_monitoring/third-party_monitoring/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Third-party Monitoring
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../metrics_and_monitoring/alerts/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Proactive Monitoring with Alerts
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../metrics_and_monitoring/best_practices/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Best Practices for Monitoring
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../metrics_and_monitoring/observability/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Observability
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../metrics_and_monitoring/conclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_2_6"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_2_6"
|
|
id="__nav_2_6_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Security
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="2"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_2_6_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_6">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Security
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../security/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../security/fundamentals/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Fundamentals of Security
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../security/network_security/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Network Security
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../security/threats_attacks_defences/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Threat, Attacks & Defences
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../security/writing_secure_code/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Writing Secure code
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../security/conclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_3"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_3"
|
|
id="__nav_3_label"
|
|
tabindex=""
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Level 102
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="1"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_3_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Level 102
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_3_1"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_3_1"
|
|
id="__nav_3_1_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Linux Intermediate
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="2"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_3_1_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_1">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Linux Intermediate
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/linux_intermediate/introduction/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/linux_intermediate/package_management/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Package Management
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/linux_intermediate/storage_media/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Storage Media
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/linux_intermediate/archiving_backup/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Archiving and Backup
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/linux_intermediate/introvim/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction to Vim
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/linux_intermediate/bashscripting/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Bash Scripting
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/linux_intermediate/conclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_3_2"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_3_2"
|
|
id="__nav_3_2_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Linux Advanced
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="2"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_3_2_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_2">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Linux Advanced
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_3_2_1"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_3_2_1"
|
|
id="__nav_3_2_1_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Containerization And Orchestration
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="3"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_3_2_1_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_2_1">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Containerization And Orchestration
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/containerization_and_orchestration/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/containerization_and_orchestration/intro_to_containers/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction To Containers
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/containerization_and_orchestration/containerization_with_docker/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Containerization With Docker
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/containerization_and_orchestration/orchestration_with_kubernetes/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Orchestration With Kubernetes
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/containerization_and_orchestration/conclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_3_2_2"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_3_2_2"
|
|
id="__nav_3_2_2_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
System Calls and Signals
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="3"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_3_2_2_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_2_2">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
System Calls and Signals
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_calls_and_signals/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_calls_and_signals/signals/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Signals
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_calls_and_signals/system_calls/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
System Calls
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_calls_and_signals/conclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_3_3"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_3_3"
|
|
id="__nav_3_3_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Networking
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="2"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_3_3_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_3">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
Networking
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/networking/introduction/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/networking/security/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Security
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/networking/scale/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Scale
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/networking/rtt/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
RTT
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/networking/infrastructure-features/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Infrastructure Services
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/networking/conclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_3_4"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_3_4"
|
|
id="__nav_3_4_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
System Design
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="2"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_3_4_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_4">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
System Design
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_design/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_design/large-system-design/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Large System Design
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_design/scaling/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Scaling
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_design/scaling-beyond-the-datacenter/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Scaling Beyond the Data Center
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_design/resiliency/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Resiliency
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_design/conclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Conclusion
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Pruned navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Currently active page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation tabs -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Render 1st level items with nested items as sections -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation pruning -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine checked and indeterminate state -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section -->
|
|
<input
|
|
class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle "
|
|
type="checkbox"
|
|
id="__nav_3_5"
|
|
|
|
/>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<label
|
|
class="md-nav__link"
|
|
for="__nav_3_5"
|
|
id="__nav_3_5_label"
|
|
tabindex="0"
|
|
>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
System Troubleshooting and Performance Improvements
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
</label>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Toggle to expand nested items with link to index page -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation -->
|
|
<nav
|
|
class="md-nav"
|
|
data-md-level="2"
|
|
aria-labelledby="__nav_3_5_label"
|
|
aria-expanded="false"
|
|
>
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_5">
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
|
System Troubleshooting and Performance Improvements
|
|
</label>
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Nested navigation item -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_troubleshooting_and_performance/introduction/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Introduction
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_troubleshooting_and_performance/troubleshooting/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Troubleshooting
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_troubleshooting_and_performance/important-tools/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Important Tools
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_troubleshooting_and_performance/performance-improvements/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Performance Improvements
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="../../../level102/system_troubleshooting_and_performance/troubleshooting-example/" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link icon -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link title -->
|
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
Troubleshooting Example
|
|
</span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation link status -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine classes -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Determine active page for paginated views -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Navigation item with nested items -->
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
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Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery
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Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery
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Introduction
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Brief History
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Continuous Integration
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Continuous Delivery and Deployment
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CI/CD Pipeline - Hands-on
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Conclusion
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Contribute
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<a href="#introduction" class="md-nav__link">
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Introduction
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Prerequisites
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What to expect from this course
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What is not covered under this course
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<a href="#course-contents" class="md-nav__link">
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Course Contents
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What are Linux operating systems
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</a>
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</li>
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<a href="#what-are-popular-linux-distributions" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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What are popular Linux distributions
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#linux-architecture" class="md-nav__link">
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Linux Architecture
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#uses-of-linux-operating-systems" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Uses of Linux Operating Systems
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</a>
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</li>
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<a href="#graphical-user-interface-gui-vs-command-line-interface-cli" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Graphical user interface (GUI) vs Command line interface (CLI)
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#shell-vs-terminal" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Shell vs Terminal
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
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<h1 id="linux-basics">Linux Basics</h1>
|
|
<h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>
|
|
<h3 id="prerequisites">Prerequisites</h3>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>Should be comfortable in using any operating systems like Windows, Linux or</li>
|
|
<li>Expected to have fundamental knowledge of operating systems</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<h2 id="what-to-expect-from-this-course">What to expect from this course</h2>
|
|
<p>This course is divided into three parts. In the first part, we cover the
|
|
fundamentals of Linux operating systems. We will talk about Linux architecture,
|
|
Linux distributions and uses of Linux operating systems. We will also talk about the
|
|
difference between GUI and CLI.</p>
|
|
<p>In the second part, we cover some basic commands used in Linux.
|
|
We will focus on commands used for navigating the file system, viewing and manipulating files,
|
|
I/O redirection, etc.</p>
|
|
<p>In the third part, we cover Linux system administration. This includes day-to-day tasks
|
|
performed by Linux admins, like managing users/groups, managing file permissions,
|
|
monitoring system performance, log files etc.</p>
|
|
<p>In the second and third part, we will be showing examples to understand the concepts.</p>
|
|
<h2 id="what-is-not-covered-under-this-course">What is not covered under this course</h2>
|
|
<p>We are not covering advanced Linux commands and Bash scripting in this
|
|
course. We will also not be covering Linux internals. </p>
|
|
<h2 id="course-contents">Course Contents</h2>
|
|
<p>The following topics has been covered in this course:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/intro/">Introduction to Linux</a><ul>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/intro/#what-are-linux-operating-systems">What are Linux Operating Systems</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/intro/#what-are-popular-linux-distributions">What are popular Linux distributions</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/intro/#uses-of-linux-operating-systems">Uses of Linux Operating Systems</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/intro/#linux-architecture">Linux Architecture</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/intro/#graphical-user-interface-gui-vs-command-line-interface-cli">Graphical user interface (GUI) vs Command line interface (CLI)</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/command_line_basics/">Command Line Basics</a><ul>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/command_line_basics/#lab-environment-setup">Lab Environment Setup</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/command_line_basics/#what-is-a-command">What is a Command</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/command_line_basics/#file-system-organization">File System Organization</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/command_line_basics/#commands-for-navigating-the-file-system">Navigating File System</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/command_line_basics/#commands-for-manipulating-files">Manipulating Files</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/command_line_basics/#commands-for-viewing-files">Viewing Files</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/command_line_basics/#echo-command">Echo Command</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/command_line_basics/#text-processing-commands">Text Processing Commands</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/command_line_basics/#io-redirection">I/O Redirection</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/linux_server_administration/">Linux system administration</a><ul>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/linux_server_administration/#lab-environment-setup">Lab Environment Setup</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/linux_server_administration/#usergroup-management">User/Groups management</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/linux_server_administration/#becoming-a-superuser">Becoming a Superuser</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/linux_server_administration/#file-permissions">File Permissions</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/linux_server_administration/#ssh-command">SSH Command</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/linux_server_administration/#package-management">Package Management</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/linux_server_administration/#process-management">Process Management</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/linux_server_administration/#memory-management">Memory Management</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/linux_server_administration/#daemons">Daemons and Systemd</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/linux_server_administration/#logs">Logs</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/conclusion">Conclusion</a><ul>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/conclusion/#applications-in-sre-role">Applications in SRE Role</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/level101/linux_basics/conclusion/#useful-courses-and-tutorials">Useful Courses and tutorials</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<h2 id="what-are-linux-operating-systems">What are Linux operating systems</h2>
|
|
<p>Most of us are familiar with the Windows operating system used in more than
|
|
75% of the personal computers. The Windows operating systems
|
|
are based on Windows NT kernel. </p>
|
|
<p>A <em>kernel</em> is the most important part of
|
|
an operating system—it performs important functions like process
|
|
management, memory management, filesystem management, etc.</p>
|
|
<p>Linux operating systems are based on the Linux kernel. A Linux-based
|
|
operating system will consist of Linux kernel, GUI/CLI, system libraries
|
|
and system utilities. The Linux kernel was independently developed and
|
|
released by Linus Torvalds. The Linux kernel is free and open-source (See
|
|
<a href="https://github.com/torvalds/linux">https://github.com/torvalds/linux</a>).</p>
|
|
<p>Linux is a kernel and not a complete operating system. Linux kernel is combined with GNU system to make a complete operating system. Therefore, Linux-based operating systems are also called as GNU/Linux systems. GNU is an extensive collection of free softwares like compiler, debugger, C library etc. (See
|
|
<a href="https://www.gnu.org/gnu/linux-and-gnu.en.html">Linux and the GNU System</a>)</p>
|
|
<p>History of Linux -
|
|
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Linux">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Linux</a></p>
|
|
<h2 id="what-are-popular-linux-distributions">What are popular Linux distributions</h2>
|
|
<p>A Linux distribution (<em>distro</em>) is an operating system based on
|
|
the Linux kernel and a package management system. A package management
|
|
system consists of tools that help in installing, upgrading,
|
|
configuring and removing softwares on the operating system.</p>
|
|
<p>Software are usually adopted to a distribution and are packaged in a
|
|
distro-specific format. These packages are available through a distro-specific
|
|
repository. Packages are installed and managed in the operating
|
|
system by a package manager.</p>
|
|
<p><strong>List of popular Linux distributions:</strong></p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Fedora</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Ubuntu</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Debian</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Centos</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Red Hat Enterprise Linux</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Suse</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Arch Linux</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<table>
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Packaging systems</th>
|
|
<th>Distributions</th>
|
|
<th>Package manager</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Debian style (<code>.deb</code>)</td>
|
|
<td>Debian, Ubuntu</td>
|
|
<td>APT</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Red Hat style (<code>.rpm</code>)</td>
|
|
<td>Fedora, CentOS, Red Hat Enterprise Linux</td>
|
|
<td>YUM</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h2 id="linux-architecture">Linux Architecture</h2>
|
|
<p><img alt="" src="../images/linux/commands/image25.png" /></p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>The Linux kernel is monolithic in nature.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>System calls are used to interact with the Linux kernel space.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Kernel code can only be executed in the kernel mode. Non-kernel code is executed in the user mode.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Device drivers are used to communicate with the hardware devices.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<h2 id="uses-of-linux-operating-systems">Uses of Linux Operating Systems</h2>
|
|
<p>Operating system based on Linux kernel are widely used in:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Personal computers</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Servers</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Mobile phones - Android is based on Linux operating system</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Embedded devices - watches, televisions, traffic lights, etc.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Satellites</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Network devices - routers, switches, etc.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<h2 id="graphical-user-interface-gui-vs-command-line-interface-cli">Graphical user interface (GUI) vs Command line interface (CLI)</h2>
|
|
<p>A user interacts with a computer with the help of user interfaces. The
|
|
user interface can be either GUI or CLI.</p>
|
|
<p>Graphical user interface allows a user to interact with the computer
|
|
using graphics such as icons and images. When a user clicks on an icon
|
|
to open an application on a computer, he or she is actually using the
|
|
GUI. It's easy to perform tasks using GUI.</p>
|
|
<p>Command line interface allows a user to interact with the computer using
|
|
commands. A user types the command in a terminal and the system helps in
|
|
executing these commands. A new user with experience on GUI may find it
|
|
difficult to interact with CLI as he/she needs to be aware of the commands
|
|
to perform a particular operation.</p>
|
|
<h2 id="shell-vs-terminal">Shell vs Terminal</h2>
|
|
<p>Shell is a program that takes commands from the
|
|
users and gives them to the operating system for processing. Shell is an
|
|
example of a CLI (command line interface). Bash is one of the most popular shell
|
|
programs available on Linux servers. Other popular shell programs are
|
|
zsh, ksh and tcsh.</p>
|
|
<p>Terminal is a program that opens a window and lets you interact with the
|
|
shell. Some popular examples of terminals are GNOME-terminal, xterm,
|
|
Konsole, etc.</p>
|
|
<p>Linux users do use the terms shell, terminal, prompt, console, etc.
|
|
interchangeably. In simple terms, these all refer to a way of taking
|
|
commands from the user.</p>
|
|
|
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