Add Authorize A cURL Request as a Unix TIL

README.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ pairing with smart people at Hashrocket.
 
 For a steady stream of TILs, [sign up for my newsletter](https://crafty-builder-6996.ck.page/e169c61186).
 
-_1650 TILs and counting..._
+_1652 TILs and counting..._
 
 See some of the other learning resources I work on:
 - [Get Started with Vimium](https://egghead.io/courses/get-started-with-vimium~3t5f7)
@@ -1345,6 +1345,7 @@ If you've learned something here, support my efforts writing daily TILs by
 - [Generate A Signed JWT Token](ruby/generate-a-signed-jwt-token.md)
 - [Generate Ruby Version And Gemset Files With RVM](ruby/generate-ruby-version-and-gemset-files-with-rvm.md)
 - [Get Info About Your RubyGems Environment](ruby/get-info-about-your-ruby-gems-environment.md)
+- [Get Specific Values From Arrays And Hashes](ruby/get-specific-values-from-hashes-and-arrays.md)
 - [Get The Output Of Running A System Program](ruby/get-the-output-of-running-a-system-program.md)
 - [Get UTC Offset For Different Time Zones](ruby/get-utc-offset-for-different-time-zones.md)
 - [Identify Outdated Gems](ruby/identify-outdated-gems.md)
@@ -1533,6 +1534,7 @@ If you've learned something here, support my efforts writing daily TILs by
 ### Unix
 
 - [All The Environment Variables](unix/all-the-environment-variables.md)
+- [Authorize A cURL Request](unix/authorize-a-curl-request.md)
 - [Cat A File With Line Numbers](unix/cat-a-file-with-line-numbers.md)
 - [Cat Files With Color Using Bat](unix/cat-files-with-color-using-bat.md)
 - [Change Default Shell For A User](unix/change-default-shell-for-a-user.md)

ruby/get-specific-values-from-hashes-and-arrays.md

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# Get Specific Values From Hashes And Arrays
+
+Ruby defines a `#values_at` method on both `Hash` and `Array` that can be used
+to grab multiple values from an instance of either of those structures.
+
+Here is an example of grabbing values by key (if they exist) from a hash.
+
+```ruby
+> hash = {one: :two, hello: "world", four: 4}
+=> {one: :two, hello: "world", four: 4}
+> hash.values_at(:one, :four, :three)
+=> [:two, 4, nil]
+```
+
+And here is an example of grabbing values at specific indexes from an array, if
+those indexes exist.
+
+```ruby
+> arr = [:a, :b, :c, :d, :e]
+=> [:a, :b, :c, :d, :e]
+> arr.values_at(0, 3, 6)
+=> [:a, :d, nil]
+```
+
+Notice that in both cases, `nil` is returned for a key or index that doesn't
+exist.
+
+What I like about this method is that in a single call I can grab multiple
+named (or indexed) values and get a single array result with those values.
+
+One way I might use this with a JSON response from an API request could look
+like this:
+
+```ruby
+resp = client.getSomeData(id: 123)
+
+[status, body] = resp.values_at("status", "body")
+
+if status == 200
+  puts body
+end
+```
+
+[source](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/3.4/Hash.html#method-i-values_at)

unix/authorize-a-curl-request.md

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# Authorize A cURL Request
+
+When making a cURL request to an endpoint that requires authentication,
+sometimes you already have a bearer token and other times you have a username
+and password pair. If you have a bearer token, you can format a `Authorization`
+header with the `-H` flag that includes that value.
+
+If you have a username and password for the API, you can instead use the `-u`
+flag. The `-u` flag will format the username and password, base64 encode it,
+and then add it as an `Authorization` header.
+
+```bash
+$ curl -v -u "username:password" https://some-endpoint.com/api/v1/status
+
+...
+> GET /api/v1/status HTTP/2
+> Host: some-endpoint.com
+> Authorization: Basic dXNlcm5hbWU6cGFzc3dvcmQK
+> User-Agent: curl/8.1.2
+...
+```
+
+You can even pass in only the username to the `-u` flag and cURL will know to
+prompt you for the password. This is a nice way to avoid putting plain text
+passwords in your shell history.
+
+```bash
+$ curl -v -u "username" https://some-endpoint.com/api/v1/status
+Enter host password for user 'username':
+```
+
+See `man curl` for more details.