Merge 69917e4c93 into fc93ecfed4

Co-authored-by: Michael Currin <18750745+MichaelCurrin@users.noreply.github.com>

README.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ pairing with smart people at Hashrocket.
 
 For a steady stream of TILs, [sign up for my newsletter](https://crafty-builder-6996.ck.page/e169c61186).
 
-_1434 TILs and counting..._
+_1448 TILs and counting..._
 
 ---
 
@@ -376,6 +376,7 @@ _1434 TILs and counting..._
 
 - [Access Go Docs Offline](go/access-go-docs-offline.md)
 - [Build For A Specific OS And Architecture](go/build-for-a-specific-os-and-architecture.md)
+- [Find Executables Installed By Go](go/find-executables-installed-by-go.md)
 - [Not So Random](go/not-so-random.md)
 - [Replace The Current Process With An External Command](go/replace-the-current-process-with-an-external-command.md)
 - [Sleep For A Duration](go/sleep-for-a-duration.md)
@@ -390,8 +391,10 @@ _1434 TILs and counting..._
 
 ### Heroku
 
+- [Connect To A Database By Color](heroku/connect-to-a-database-by-color.md)
 - [Deploy A Review App To A Different Stack](heroku/deploy-a-review-app-to-a-different-stack.md)
 - [Diagnose Problems In A Heroku Postgres Database](heroku/diagnose-problems-in-a-heroku-postgres-database.md)
+- [Open Dashboard For Specific Add-On](heroku/open-dashboard-for-specific-add-on.md)
 - [Run SQL Against Remote Postgres Database](heroku/run-sql-against-remote-postgres-database.md)
 - [Set And Show Heroku Env Variables](heroku/set-and-show-heroku-env-variables.md)
 - [SSH Into Heroku Server Hosting App](heroku/ssh-into-heroku-server-hosting-app.md)
@@ -570,6 +573,7 @@ _1434 TILs and counting..._
 - [Access All Screen And Video Capture Options](mac/access-all-screen-and-video-capture-options.md)
 - [Access System Information On OS X](mac/access-system-information-on-osx.md)
 - [Access Unsupported Screen Resolutions With RDM](mac/access-unsupported-screen-resolutions-with-rdm.md)
+- [Check Network Quality Stats From The Command Line](mac/check-network-quality-stats-from-the-command-line.md)
 - [Clean Up Old Homebrew Files](mac/clean-up-old-homebrew-files.md)
 - [Convert An HEIC Image File To JPG](mac/convert-an-heic-image-file-to-jpg.md)
 - [Default Screenshot Location](mac/default-screenshot-location.md)
@@ -634,6 +638,7 @@ _1434 TILs and counting..._
 
 ### Next.js
 
+- [Avoid Conflicting Files](nextjs/avoid-conflicting-files.md)
 - [Create Files And Directories For Dynamic Routes](nextjs/create-files-and-directories-for-dynamic-routes.md)
 - [Define URL Redirects In The Next Config](nextjs/define-url-redirects-in-the-next-config.md)
 - [Fetch Does Not Work In API Serverless Function](nextjs/fetch-does-not-work-in-api-serverless-function.md)
@@ -731,6 +736,7 @@ _1434 TILs and counting..._
 - [Fizzbuzz With Common Table Expressions](postgres/fizzbuzz-with-common-table-expressions.md)
 - [Force SSL When Making A psql Connection](postgres/force-ssl-when-making-a-psql-connection.md)
 - [Generate A UUID](postgres/generate-a-uuid.md)
+- [Generate Modern Primary Key Columns](postgres/generate-modern-primary-key-columns.md)
 - [Generate Random UUIDs Without An Extension](postgres/generate-random-uuids-without-an-extension.md)
 - [Generate Series Of Numbers](postgres/generate-series-of-numbers.md)
 - [Generating UUIDs With pgcrypto](postgres/generating-uuids-with-pgcrypto.md)
@@ -895,6 +901,8 @@ _1434 TILs and counting..._
 - [Find Or Create A Record With FactoryBot](rails/find-or-create-a-record-with-factory-bot.md)
 - [Find Records With Multiple Associated Records](rails/find-records-with-multiple-associated-records.md)
 - [Force All Users To Sign Out](rails/force-all-users-to-sign-out.md)
+- [Generate A Model](rails/generate-a-model.md)
+- [Generate A Rails App From The Main Branch](rails/generate-a-rails-app-from-the-main-branch.md)
 - [Generating And Executing SQL](rails/generating-and-executing-sql.md)
 - [Get A Quick Approximate Count Of A Large Table](rails/get-a-quick-approximate-count-of-a-large-table.md)
 - [Get ActiveRecord Attribute Directly From Database](rails/get-active-record-attribute-directly-from-database.md)
@@ -978,6 +986,7 @@ _1434 TILs and counting..._
 - [Update Column Versus Update Attribute](rails/update-column-versus-update-attribute.md)
 - [Upgrading Your Manifest For Sprocket's 4](rails/upgrading-your-manifest-for-sprockets-4.md)
 - [Use IRB And Ruby Flags With Rails Console](rails/use-irb-and-ruby-flags-with-rails-console.md)
+- [Validate Column Data With Check Constraints](rails/validate-column-data-with-check-constraints.md)
 - [Verify And Read A Signed Cookie Value](rails/verify-and-read-a-signed-cookie-value.md)
 - [Where Am I In The Partial Iteration?](rails/where-am-i-in-the-partial-iteration.md)
 - [Why Redirect And Return In Controllers](rails/why-redirect-and-return-in-controllers.md)
@@ -1098,7 +1107,9 @@ _1434 TILs and counting..._
 
 ### RSpec
 
+- [Avoid Accidentally Disabling Pry](rspec/avoid-accidentally-disabling-pry.md)
 - [Check Specific Arguments To Received Method](rspec/check-specific-arguments-to-received-method.md)
+- [Configure Tests To Run In Random Order](rspec/configure-tests-to-run-in-random-order.md)
 - [Find Minimal Set Of Tests Causing A Flicker](rspec/find-minimal-set-of-tests-causing-a-flicker.md)
 - [Format Test Results As A JSON File](rspec/format-test-results-as-a-json-file.md)
 - [Run Tests With Documentation Formatting](rspec/run-tests-with-documentation-formatting.md)
@@ -1178,6 +1189,7 @@ _1434 TILs and counting..._
 - [Map With Index Over An Array](ruby/map-with-index-over-an-array.md)
 - [Mock Method Chain Calls With RSpec](ruby/mock-method-chain-calls-with-rspec.md)
 - [Mocking Requests With Partial URIs Using Regex](ruby/mocking-requests-with-partial-uris-using-regex.md)
+- [Multi-Line Comments](ruby/multi-line-comments.md)
 - [Named Regex Captures Are Assigned To Variables](ruby/named-regex-captures-are-assigned-to-variables.md)
 - [Navigate Back In The Browser With Capybara](ruby/navigate-back-in-the-browser-with-capybara.md)
 - [Next And Previous Floats](ruby/next-and-previous-floats.md)
@@ -1216,6 +1228,7 @@ _1434 TILs and counting..._
 - [Silence The Output Of A Ruby Statement In Pry](ruby/silence-the-output-of-a-ruby-statement-in-pry.md)
 - [Single And Double Quoted String Notation](ruby/single-and-double-quoted-string-notation.md)
 - [Skip Specific CVEs When Auditing Your Bundle](ruby/skip-specific-cves-when-auditing-your-bundle.md)
+- [Skip The Front Of An Array With Drop](ruby/skip-the-front-of-an-array-with-drop.md)
 - [Specify Dependencies For A Rake Task](ruby/specify-dependencies-for-a-rake-task.md)
 - [Specify How Random Array#sample Is](ruby/specify-how-random-array-sample-is.md)
 - [Split A Float Into Its Integer And Decimal](ruby/split-a-float-into-its-integer-and-decimal.md)
@@ -1350,6 +1363,7 @@ _1434 TILs and counting..._
 - [Command Line Length Limitations](unix/command-line-length-limitations.md)
 - [Compare Two Variables In A Bash Script](unix/compare-two-variables-in-a-bash-script.md)
 - [Configure cd To Behave Like pushd In Zsh](unix/configure-cd-to-behave-like-pushd-in-zsh.md)
+- [Convert SVG To Favicon](unix/convert-svg-to-favicon.md)
 - [Copying File Contents To System Paste Buffer](unix/copying-file-contents-to-system-paste-buffer.md)
 - [Copying Nested Directories With Ditto](unix/copying-nested-directories-with-ditto.md)
 - [Count The Lines In A CSV Where A Column Is Empty](unix/count-the-lines-in-a-csv-where-a-column-is-empty.md)

chrome/duplicate-the-current-tab.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Sometimes when viewing a page, you realize you want to keep that page open
 but also go back to the previous page to view something else. An easy way of
 achieving this is to duplicate the current tab and then go back.
 
-To duplicate the current tab hit `Cmd+Enter` while the focus is on the URL
+To duplicate the current tab, hit `Cmd+Enter` (macOS) or `Alt+Enter` (Windows) while the focus is on the URL
 bar.
 
 If the URL bar is not in focus, then first hit `Cmd+L` to focus followed by

go/find-executables-installed-by-go.md

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# Find Executables Installed By Go
+
+When you install an executable using `go install`, it puts that executable in
+the `bin` directory designated by the `GOBIN` environment variable. If that env
+var isn't set, then it falls back to one of `$GOPATH/bin` or `$HOME/go/bin`.
+
+When I run `go help install`, it tells me as much:
+
+```
+Executables are installed in the directory named by the GOBIN environment
+variable, which defaults to $GOPATH/bin or $HOME/go/bin if the GOPATH
+environment variable is not set.
+```
+
+So, if I am to install something like [`tern`](https://github.com/jackc/tern),
+
+```bash
+$ go install github.com/jackc/tern/v2@latest
+```
+
+it is going to place that binary in `~/go/bin` for me.
+
+```bash
+$ which tern
+/Users/jbranchaud/go/bin/tern
+```

heroku/connect-to-a-database-by-color.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Connect To A Database By Color
+
+All of your PostgreSQL databases in Heroku are given attachment names that use
+a random color. This might be _pink_, _brown_, _cobalt_, etc. And the
+attachment names then look like `HEROKU_POSTGRESQL_PINK`,
+`HEROKU_POSTGRESQL_BROWN`, `HEROKU_POSTGRESQL_COBALT`, etc.
+
+We can connect to a Heroku-managed PostgreSQL instance from the command-line
+like so:
+
+```bash
+$ heroku pg:psql --app my-app
+```
+
+This is going to connect to the _default_ database which is the one with the
+`DATABASE_URL` attachment.
+
+There are lots of instances where we may have other databases besides the
+primary (e.g. let's say we have a read replica follower). If we want to connect
+to that one, we can do so by _color_.
+
+If that database's attachment is `HEROKU_POSTGRESQL_IVORY`, then we'd connect
+to it like so:
+
+```bash
+$ heroku pg:psql ivory --app my-app
+```
+
+[source](https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/managing-heroku-postgres-using-cli#pg-psql)

heroku/open-dashboard-for-specific-add-on.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Open Dashboard For Specific Add-On
+
+The number of times I've needed to check the papertrail logs for my
+Heroku-hosted Rails app is a lot. I open a browser tab, go through several
+layers of navigation to get to my app's dashboard, and then click the
+papertrail link under _Add-ons_.
+
+There is a much quicker way using the Heroku CLI.
+
+```bash
+$ heroku addons:open papertrail -a my-app-name
+Opening https://addons-sso.heroku.com/apps/abc123/addons/efg456...
+```
+
+It sends you to an add-ons SSO link in the browser which authenticates you and
+drops you into the dashboard for that specific add-on. You just need to specify
+the add-on name and the app name.

mac/check-network-quality-stats-from-the-command-line.md

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# Check Network Quality Stats From The Command Line
+
+MacOS comes with a little known CLI utility for checking your current network
+quality statistics. It is aptly named `networkQuality`.
+
+Here is what a basic run of the tool might output:
+
+```bash
+$ networkQuality
+
+...
+Downlink: capacity 281.430 Mbps, responsiveness 101 RPM - Uplink: capacity 16.629 Mbps, responsiveness 101 R
+Downlink: capacity 285.534 Mbps, responsiveness 101 RPM - Uplink: capacity 16.028 Mbps, responsiveness 101 R
+==== SUMMARY ====
+Uplink capacity: 22.982 Mbps
+Downlink capacity: 288.152 Mbps
+Responsiveness: Low (93 RPM)
+Idle Latency: 26.375 milliseconds
+```
+
+You can get an even more detailed summary with the `-v` option:
+
+```bash
+$ networkQuality -v
+
+...
+==== SUMMARY ====
+Uplink capacity: 18.257 Mbps (Accuracy: High)
+Downlink capacity: 469.355 Mbps (Accuracy: High)
+Responsiveness: Medium (252 RPM) (Accuracy: High)
+Idle Latency: 25.583 milliseconds (Accuracy: High)
+Interface: en0
+Uplink bytes transferred: 19.750 MB
+Downlink bytes transferred: 488.265 MB
+Uplink Flow count: 8
+Downlink Flow count: 12
+Start: 9/24/24, 11:06:20 AM
+End: 9/24/24, 11:06:30 AM
+OS Version: Version 13.5.2 (Build 22G91)
+```
+
+See `man networkQuality` for more details.
+
+[source](https://cyberhost.uk/the-hidden-macos-speedtest-tool-networkquality/)

nextjs/avoid-conflicting-files.md

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# Avoid Conflicting Files
+
+When Next.js is bundling and building your project, it will get completely
+tripped up by any instance of conflicting project files. What I mean by
+conflicting project files are two JavaScript or TypeScript (or flavors of JSX
+files) that would resolve to the same thing.
+
+Here is one example where the extensions differ:
+
+```
+src/pages/welcome.tsx
+src/pages/welcome.jsx
+```
+
+Here is another example where the paths differ but the bundled result would
+conflict:
+
+```
+src/pages/welcome.tsx
+src/pages/welcome/index.tsx
+```
+
+If you have any instances of these conflicting files, you'll be presented with
+a beguiling and cryptic error message when trying to run the dev server.
+
+```
+TypeError [ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE]: The "to" argument must be of type string. Received undefined
+    at new NodeError (node:internal/errors:405:5)
+    at validateString (node:internal/validators:162:11)
+    at Object.relative (node:path:1191:5)
+    at Watchpack.<anonymous> (/my_app/node_modules/.pnpm/next@14.2.5_@babel+core@7.24.9_react-dom@18.3.1_react@18.3.1/node_modules/next/dist/server/lib/router-utils/setup-dev-bundler.js:381:55) {
+  code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE'
+}
+```
+
+One of those files needs to go. Remove one of them and you'll be good to go.

postgres/generate-modern-primary-key-columns.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Generate Modern Primary Key Columns
+
+Chances are if you have looked at some examples, blog posts, or real-world
+instances of a `create table` statement, it defined the primary key with
+`serial` (or `bigserial`).
+
+```sql
+create table books (
+  id serial primary key,
+  title text not null,
+  author text not null,
+  created_at timestamptz not null default now(),
+  updated_at timestamptz not null default now()
+);
+```
+
+The `serial` syntax is everywhere, but for quite a while now it has not been
+the recommended way to define a primary key column for the `int` or `bigint`
+data types.
+
+The ["Don't Do This" page of the PostgreSQL
+wiki](https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Don%27t_Do_This#Don.27t_use_serial) says
+"Don't use serial".
+
+> For new applications, identity columns should be used instead. The serial
+> types have some weird behaviors that make schema, dependency, and permission
+> management unnecessarily cumbersome.
+
+The modern way to define a primary key column for `int` or `bigint` is with a
+generated identity column.
+
+```sql
+create table books (
+  id int primary key generated always as identity,
+  title text not null,
+  author text not null,
+  created_at timestamptz not null default now(),
+  updated_at timestamptz not null default now()
+);
+```
+
+Check out the PostgreSQL docs for more about [identity
+columns](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/17/ddl-identity-columns.html).

rails/generate-a-model.md

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# Generate A Model
+
+The `rails` CLI comes with a variety of generators. Perhaps the mostly common
+one to use is the _model_ generator.
+
+The model generator will create a migration and a model file for the entity
+that you name. In the following example `Book` will result in a
+`app/models/book.rb` file as well as a migration file for a `books` table.
+These generators know the singular and plural conventions.
+
+At the end of the command is a series of field definitions containing the field
+_name_ and field _type_. These are used in the migration file for defining
+columns on the new table.
+
+```bash
+❯ bin/rails generate model Book title:string publication_date:date author:string
+      invoke  active_record
+      create    db/migrate/20240920223447_create_books.rb
+      create    app/models/book.rb
+      invoke    rspec
+      create      spec/models/book_spec.rb
+```
+
+You may also notice that an `rspec` action was invoked as part of this
+generator. That is because I have the `rspec-rails` gem in my project. That gem
+hooks into the model generator so that a model spec also gets generated. Handy!

rails/generate-a-rails-app-from-the-main-branch.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Generate A Rails App From The Main Branch
+
+Typically you are going to want to generate a Rails app using some officially
+released version of the framework. These releases have been thoroughly tested,
+have received patches, and can guarantee a certain level of stability.
+
+However, if you are wanting to try out the latest, unreleased features, you may
+want to generate a fresh Rails app based off the current state of the `main`
+branch of the `rails` repository.
+
+To do this, add the `--main` flag:
+
+```bash
+$ rails new rails_app_on_main --main
+```
+
+Toward the top of your app's `Gemfile`, you'll see that `rails` is pointed to
+the `main` branch of their repo:
+
+```ruby
+# Use main development branch of Rails
+gem "rails", github: "rails/rails", branch: "main"
+```
+
+See `rails new --help` for more details
+
+[source](https://x.com/gregmolnar/status/1832720168264286571)

rails/validate-column-data-with-check-constraints.md

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# Validate Column Data With Check Constraints
+
+A check constraint is a feature of database systems like PostgreSQL that allows
+you to enforce rules about the data that goes in a table's column. As of Rails
+6.1, ActiveRecord provides a way to add a check constraint via the DSL.
+
+In this example, we want to ensure that the value going into the
+reading_statuses.status column is one of four values. Nothing else besides
+these four values should be allowed.
+
+```ruby
+class AddReadingStatusTable < ActiveRecord::Migration[7.2]
+  def change
+    create_table :reading_statuses do |t|
+      t.references :user, null: false, foreign_key: true
+      t.references :book, null: false, foreign_key: true
+      t.string :status, null: false
+      t.timestamps
+    end
+
+    add_check_constraint
+      :reading_statuses,
+      "status in ('started', 'completed', 'abandoned', 'already_read')",
+      name: "reading_statuses_valid_status_check"
+  end
+end
+```
+
+The `#add_check_constraint` method takes the name of the table and a SQL clause
+that can evaluate to true or false for a given row. We can optionally include
+the name of the check constraint (e.g. {table_name}_{column_name}_check) like
+we've done above.

rspec/avoid-accidentally-disabling-pry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# Avoid Accidentally Disabling Pry
+
+I was recently working on a test that needed to mock an environment variable in
+order to observe the behavior under test. I initially ended up with the
+following lines in a `before` block.
+
+```ruby
+before do
+  allow(ENV).to receive(:[]).and_return("")
+  allow(ENV).to receive(:[]).with("API_SERVER_URL").and_return("localhost")
+end
+```
+
+The idea was to create a "clean" `ENV` for the test and then layer in any
+relevant environment variables from there.
+
+This is a misguided approach for a couple reasons. One particular and
+hard-to-debug issue is that this mocking of `ENV` accidentally disabled Pry
+(i.e. `binding.pry`). So once I was having issues with my test, I couldn't even
+inspect the code at runtime. It would skip right past any `binding.pry`
+statement I added.
+
+What happened is that [Pry (specifically `pry-rails`) looks for
+`ENV['DISABLE_PRY_RAILS']`](https://github.com/pry/pry-rails/blob/d8d0c6d87a5b8a3e570e0c80910fb80068f3553c/lib/pry-rails.rb#L6)
+and if that value is _truthy_ then it won't require the various `pry-rails`
+modules.
+
+The first `allow` has `ENV` responding with `""` which is truthy and will
+result in Pry being disabled.
+
+A more appropriate default would be `nil`. Also consider that there are many
+ways to access `ENV`, such as `#fetch`.

rspec/configure-tests-to-run-in-random-order.md

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Configure Tests To Run In Random Order
+
+By default, an RSpec test suite is going to run in a predictable, sequential
+order, every time.
+
+When testing the parts of a complex Rails app that have all kinds of test data
+that needs to be set up, I prefer to have my tests always run in a random
+(repeatable with a seed) order. This way I'm more likely to catch sooner,
+rather than later, bugs that are hidden by passing tests due to test data setup
+that happens to work in a specific order.
+
+RSpec can be configured to run tests in a random, seedable order in the
+`spec_helper.rb` file.
+
+```ruby
+RSpec.configure do |config|
+  config.order = :random
+end
+```
+
+Whenever you run your test suite, the first thing you'll see is a message like
+this:
+
+```
+Randomized with seed 7011
+```
+
+That seed number can be used to re-run the suite in a repeatable order when you
+need to do so to track down an order-dependent failing test.
+
+```bash
+$ be rspec --seed 7011
+```

ruby/multi-line-comments.md

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# Multi-Line Comments
+
+Ruby has an obscure syntax for creating multi-line comments.
+
+In many languages, there is a multi-line comment syntax that looks something
+like this:
+
+```javascript
+/*
+ * multi-line comment in javascript
+ */
+```
+
+This gets used often in those languages.
+
+In Ruby, the multi-line comment syntax is not something we see very often. It
+is a departure from the single-line comment syntax and it also requires no
+indentation.
+
+```ruby
+RSpec.configure do |config|
+  config.order = :random
+
+# The settings below are suggested to provide a good initial experience
+# with RSpec, but feel free to customize to your heart's content.
+=begin
+  # These two settings work together to allow you to limit a spec run
+  # to individual examples or groups you care about by tagging them with
+  # `:focus` metadata. When nothing is tagged with `:focus`, all examples
+  # get run.
+  config.filter_run :focus
+  config.run_all_when_everything_filtered = true
+
+  # ...
+
+=end
+end
+```
+
+Using the `=begin` and `=end` syntax (no indentation), we make everything
+inbetween into a comment.
+
+Though we don't see this too often, I did pull this example directly from the
+`spec_helper.rb` file that RSpec generates.
+
+[source](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/syntax/comments_rdoc.html)

ruby/skip-the-front-of-an-array-with-drop.md

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# Skip The Front Of An Array With Drop
+
+I've long been familiar with Ruby's
+[`Array#take`](https://apidock.com/ruby/Array/take) which is a handy way to
+grab the first few elements of an array.
+
+```ruby
+> [:a, :b, :c, :d, :e, :f, :g].take(4)
+=> [:a, :b, :c, :d]
+```
+
+But what if I want to skip those first four elements of the array and get what
+remains. That is where [`Array#drop`](https://apidock.com/ruby/Array/drop)
+comes in.
+
+```ruby
+> [:a, :b, :c, :d, :e, :f, :g].drop(4)
+=> [:e, :f, :g]
+```
+
+How about a couple practical situations for use in a Rails app.
+
+Here I want to segment out the first 6 books and whatever remains:
+
+```
+def index
+  @books = Book.order(created_at: :desc).limit(10)
+
+  @featured_books = @books.take(6)
+  @remaining_books = @books.drop(6)
+end
+```
+
+Or, what about cleaning up all but the first of these duplicate records:
+
+```
+Book
+  .where(title: "The Murder of Roger Ackroyd")
+  .drop(1)
+  .each { |duplicate_book| duplicate_book.destroy }
+```
+
+The first record is ignored (dropped from the array) and the following records
+are processed by the `#each` where they get destroyed.

unix/convert-svg-to-favicon.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Convert SVG To Favicon
+
+The imagemagick `convert` CLI tool can convert an SVG file into a transparent
+favicon (ICO) file with the different standard sizes.
+
+Assuming the background that we want to make transparent is white, then include
+`-transparent white` and then to resize the icon include `-define
+icon:auto-resize ...`. Point to the `image.svg` to be converted and specify the
+name of the output file (`favicon.ico`).
+
+```bash
+$ convert image.svg -transparent white -define icon:auto-resize=16,32,48,64,128 favicon.ico
+```
+
+We can then use the `identify` CLI to inspect the `favicon.ico` file to see
+that the above worked.
+
+```bash
+$ identify favicon.ico
+
+favicon.ico[0] ICO 16x16 16x16+0+0 8-bit sRGB 0.000u 0:00.002
+favicon.ico[1] ICO 32x32 32x32+0+0 8-bit sRGB 0.000u 0:00.004
+favicon.ico[2] ICO 48x48 48x48+0+0 8-bit sRGB 0.000u 0:00.004
+favicon.ico[3] ICO 64x64 64x64+0+0 8-bit sRGB 0.000u 0:00.004
+favicon.ico[4] ICO 128x128 128x128+0+0 8-bit sRGB 99678B 0.000u 0:00.003
+```
+
+[source](https://www.joshmcarthur.com/2024/06/19/Auto-resizing-images-for-.ico-files.html)